1982年墨西哥债务危机的影响

1982年墨西哥债务危机的影响：

The influence of the Mexican debt crisis of 1982：

1. 拉丁美洲各国负债累累

1. The Latin American countries in debt

70年代，许多拉美国家或是依靠本身拥有丰富的石油或其它矿产资源，或是由于经济持续多年一直处于高速增长状态，便开始大肆举借外债，企图借用外资在短期内实现现代化。1982年墨西哥债务危机爆发后，拉丁美洲变成世界上负债最多的地区。据统计,到1982年底,在发展中国家六千二百六十亿美元的外债中,有三千多亿美元的债务集中在拉美。按人口平均计算,拉美地区每人负债为八百多美元,按经济自立人口计算,拉美每个劳动者负债达二千五百多美元。巴西、墨西哥和阿根廷是世界上负债最多的国家,三国的债务共计二千多亿美元,占拉美外债总额的70%左右,占发展中国家外债总额的37%。

In the 70 s, because of having the rich resources of oil or the other mineral, or because of the economic continue for years has been in a state of rapid growth, many Latin American countries began to borrow external debt unbridled, in an attempt to use the foreign capital to realize the modernize in the short term.

After the Mexican debt crisis in 1982, Latin America became the world's most indebted areas. According to statistics, by the end of 1982, $six hundred and twenty-six billion of debt in developing countries, there are more than $three

thousand of debt is concentrated in Latin America.

Brazil, Mexico and Argentina is the world's most indebted country, the three countries debt totaling more than $two thousand, accounts for about 70% of the total amount of Latin American debt, accounting for 37% of the total amount of debt in developing countries.

2. 拉丁各国的股市指数大幅下跌

2. The Latin countries stock market index fell sharply

墨西哥比索汇率浮动之后，巴西、阿根廷、智利和秘鲁等国股市指数大幅下跌。其中，阿根廷的股指下降了6.21%，全年累计损失达15%；智利下跌了3.79%，主要股票指数则下跌了5.14%；秘鲁下跌了8.42%，成为6年来跌幅最大的一次；相当于外国投资者在巴西投资总额的10%。与此同时，亚洲的香港、泰国等外汇市场和股票市场也剧烈动荡，外国投资者大量抛售当地货币和股票，以将资金转向较为安全的投资场所，从而引起当地银根的紧缩。

After the Mexican peso exchange rate floating, the stock marke of countries such as Brazil, Argentina, Chile and Peru index fell sharply. At the same time, stock market of Hong Kong, Thailand in Asia and other foreign exchange market volatility. Heavy selling local currencies and stock, foreign investors go to invest money to safer places, causing local monetary tightening.

3拉丁美洲经济发展速度严重受挫，经济发展停滞十年。

Latin America's economic growth suffer setbacks, delay a decade of economic development.

债务危机对拉拉丁美洲国家造成了极大的危害和一系列严重的后果：大量资金流向国外，国际收支更趋恶化，资本、能源和原材料的进口大幅度下降，经济发展速度严重受挫，通胀率猛升。整个80年代，拉美地区的国内生产总值年均增长率仅为1.1%，个别年份甚至出现负增长，工业产值年增长率只有0.5%，人均收入下降10%，除个别年份外，通胀率一直保持三位数，1990年甚至高达1491.5%。拉美债务国为此而付出的代价是整整“停滞的十年”或“失去的十年”。

The debt crisis in Latin American countries have caused great harm and a series of serious consequences: A lot of money going abroad, the balance of payments became worse. The import of the Capital, energy and raw material declined dramatically, economic growth suffer setbacks, the rate of inflation rapidly rising. In the 80’s, The annual gross domestic product (GDP) growth rate of Latin America's is only 1.1%, individual years even appear negative growth., inflation has remained three digits.

4拉美要彻底离开危机的阴霾还有一段很长的路要走

4.If Latin America want to completely out of crisis haze is still a long way to go.

许多拉美债务国从八十年代后半期开始进行了根本性的改革和调整，至九十年代初，基本上完成了由内向性经济的发展模式向外向型经济的发展模式转变，逐步走出了债务危

机的阴影。尽管如此，拉美的外债总额至今仍十分庞大，离开彻底解决还有很长的路要走

Many Latin American debtor countries had the fundamental reform and adjustment since the second half of the eighty s, Until the early ninety s, they basically completed the transformation from introversion economic development model to the export-oriented economic development pattern. In spite of this, Latin America's total external debt is still very large, If Latin America want to completely out of crisis haze is still a long way to go.